What Do RTs Need To Know About Heart Failure

Among the most prevalent cases we encounter in our profession are individuals grappling with heart failure. Our responsibility involves utilizing specialized equipment to facilitate their breathing, particularly during episodes of exacerbation. Equipping ourselves with a comprehensive understanding of heart failure is essential, as it enables us, respiratory therapists (RTs), to provide effective care and valuable education to these patients.

Embarking on an exploration of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) holds particular significance for healthcare professionals, with a focus on RTs. This endeavor allows us to delve into the intricate dynamics of the heart, gaining insights into how heart failure impacts both the cardiovascular system and respiratory functions. In my role as an RT, I aspire to illuminate key aspects that fellow RTs should be familiar with regarding heart failure, contributing to a more informed and adept respiratory care approach.

Understanding the heart

To grasp CHF, it's essential to understand the heart's complexity, with its two vital components—the right heart, responsible for lung circulation, and the left heart, orchestrating blood flow throughout the entire body. The right heart operates as a smaller pump, managing lighter pressure (around 15) to transport blood through the lungs for optimal oxygenation. In contrast, the left heart acts as a robust pump, generating a pressure of about 120/80, crucial for propelling oxygenated blood through the intricate network of arteries and veins.

Understanding this dynamic relationship between the two heart components is essential in recognizing how heart failure can disrupt the intricate balance of blood flow, particularly affecting respiratory functions. While a diagnosis of heart failure may not exhibit daily symptoms, its progression can lead to manifestations like dyspnea and wheezing, often resembling respiratory conditions such as asthma or COPD.

As heart failure evolves, challenges arise in maintaining adequate Cardiac Output (CO), a critical metric influenced by Stroke Volume (SV) and Heart Rate (HR). Monitoring vital signs, including blood pressure and pulse rate, becomes crucial. The progression of heart failure can result in complications like increased Pulmonary Vascular Resistance, leading to Pulmonary Edema and an audible cardiac wheeze. Recognizing these respiratory implications is pivotal for effective management.

Looking to the future!

Advancements in heart failure treatment have likely improved outcomes, emphasizing the importance of regular symptom monitoring, including oxygen saturation and audible wheezing. This post serves as a starting point for RTs to delve into the nuanced aspects of heart failure, empowering them to navigate its complexities and contribute to holistic patient care..